Side Effects Gastrointestinal
Very Common
Gastrointestinal

Constipation

Infrequent or difficult bowel movements, often with hard or dry stools

Prevalence

15-25% of patients

Severity

Very Common

Category

Gastrointestinal

Why It Happens

GLP-1 agonists significantly slow gastric emptying and can reduce overall gut motility. Combined with reduced food intake (from appetite suppression), there is less bulk moving through the intestines. Reduced fluid intake can worsen the effect.

Timeline

Can begin within the first few weeks of treatment. May persist longer than other GI side effects because reduced food intake continues throughout treatment. Often manageable with dietary adjustments.

Management Tips

1

Increase water intake to at least 64 oz (2 liters) per day

2

Add fiber-rich foods gradually (fruits, vegetables, whole grains)

3

Consider a fiber supplement like psyllium husk (Metamucil)

4

Stay physically active — regular walking helps stimulate gut motility

5

Try a magnesium citrate supplement (consult your doctor first)

6

Establish a regular bathroom routine

7

Avoid excessive use of stimulant laxatives

When to See Your Doctor

If you have not had a bowel movement in more than 3 days, experience severe abdominal pain or bloating, notice blood in your stool, or if over-the-counter remedies are not effective

Recommended

SeraVia GLP-1 Support

Contains magnesium and prebiotic fiber to promote healthy digestion and regularity

Learn More →

Constipation FAQs

Why does Ozempic cause constipation?

GLP-1 medications slow the movement of food through your entire digestive tract (delayed gastric emptying). Combined with eating less food overall due to appetite suppression, there is less material and less motility to produce regular bowel movements.

What is the best laxative to take with GLP-1 medication?

Osmotic laxatives like MiraLAX (polyethylene glycol) or magnesium citrate are generally well-tolerated. Fiber supplements like psyllium husk can also help. Avoid relying on stimulant laxatives long-term. Always check with your doctor before starting any laxative.

Is constipation from GLP-1 medications permanent?

Not usually. Many patients find improvement with adequate hydration, fiber intake, and physical activity. Your body may also partially adapt over time. If constipation persists, your doctor can recommend specific treatments.

Talk to a provider about managing constipation

If constipation is affecting your quality of life, a qualified provider can adjust your dose or recommend management strategies.

Find a Provider →

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