GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
FDA Approved

Semaglutide

Ozempic / Wegovy / Rybelsus

Manufactured by Novo Nordisk · Subcutaneous injection (Ozempic, Wegovy) or Oral tablet (Rybelsus)

Avg Weight Loss

~15% body weight over 68 weeks (Wegovy 2

Dosing

Once weekly (injection) or Once daily (oral)

Brand Cost

$900-1,400

Compounded

$150-450

How It Works

Semaglutide mimics the naturally occurring hormone GLP-1, binding to GLP-1 receptors in the pancreas to stimulate insulin secretion and suppress glucagon release in a glucose-dependent manner. It also slows gastric emptying and acts on hypothalamic receptors to reduce appetite and food intake, leading to significant weight loss.

Ozempic (Type 2 Diabetes) Wegovy (Weight Management) Rybelsus (Type 2 Diabetes (oral))

Dosing & Titration

ozempic

0.25mg 0.5mg 1mg 2mg

wegovy

0.25mg 0.5mg 1mg 1.7mg 2.4mg

rybelsus

3mg 7mg 14mg

Titration Protocol

Wegovy: Start at 0.25mg weekly for 4 weeks, increase to 0.5mg for 4 weeks, then 1mg for 4 weeks, then 1.7mg for 4 weeks, then maintenance dose of 2.4mg weekly. Ozempic: Start at 0.25mg weekly for 4 weeks, increase to 0.5mg, may increase to 1mg or 2mg after at least 4 weeks. Rybelsus: Start at 3mg daily for 30 days, increase to 7mg, may increase to 14mg after at least 30 days.

Common Side Effects

Serious Risks

Pancreatitis (rare)

Thyroid C-cell tumors (observed in rodent studies; relevance to humans unknown)

Gallbladder disease including cholelithiasis

Acute kidney injury (usually secondary to dehydration from GI side effects)

Diabetic retinopathy complications (in patients with existing retinopathy)

Hypoglycemia (when used with insulin or sulfonylureas)

Suicidal ideation (under FDA investigation, no causal link established)

Cost Comparison

Brand Name

$900-1,400

per month

Compounded

$150-450

per month

Oral

$900-1,000

per month

Insurance Coverage

Often covered for Type 2 Diabetes (Ozempic). Coverage for weight management (Wegovy) varies widely by plan; many commercial plans now cover it but Medicare Part D does not cover weight loss medications. Prior authorization typically required.

Pros & Cons

Advantages

  • Once-weekly dosing (injection)
  • Extensive long-term safety data
  • Oral formulation available (Rybelsus)
  • Proven cardiovascular benefit (SELECT trial)
  • Multiple FDA-approved indications
  • Most widely studied GLP-1 RA for weight management

Disadvantages

  • GI side effects common during titration
  • Injection required for weight loss doses
  • Ongoing supply constraints
  • High cost without insurance
  • Weight regain common after discontinuation

Clinical Evidence

Clinical Trial Programs

STEP program (weight management: STEP 1-5, SELECT cardiovascular outcomes trial), SUSTAIN program (Type 2 Diabetes: SUSTAIN 1-10), PIONEER program (oral semaglutide: PIONEER 1-10)

step1

16.9% average weight loss vs 2.4% placebo over 68 weeks

select

20% reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in overweight/obese adults without diabetes

sustain6

26% reduction in MACE in Type 2 Diabetes patients

Contraindications

  • Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC)
  • Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2)
  • Known hypersensitivity to semaglutide or any excipients
  • History of serious hypersensitivity reaction to semaglutide

Find providers offering Semaglutide near you

Compare pricing, pharmacy sourcing, and clinical oversight across verified providers prescribing Ozempic and Wegovy and Rybelsus.

Get weekly GLP-1 medication updates

New research, pricing changes, and provider comparisons — delivered to your inbox.

No spam. Unsubscribe anytime.

Compare all GLP-1 medications

See how Semaglutide stacks up against other GLP-1 options. Compare efficacy, cost, side effects, and dosing schedules side by side.

View All Medications →